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Radiance of the Obscurity: The daily life of Jatra  
 
  Radiance of the Obscurity: The daily life of Jatra
 

    
   

My father was an amateur Jatra actor, which looked forward me to become an actor too. But I only went as far as performing in numerous radio plays. Dreams die fast and I ended up as a professional photographer. Jatra, the traditional open-air dwelling opera of Bengal is still popular in the rural Bangladesh entertaining the people through out the country from October to April, which is called the season and goes on through out the night. The time is chosen because of the dry weather prevailing in this part of the world during this period. Loud dialogues and over-acting are still very powerful and effective methods to grip the rural people who have very few sources of entertainment. There are about 50 groups are active every year where about 1,000 male workers and around 600 female are working. Besides, almost 2,400 other staff works to make the band going. It means that about 4,000 people earn a living for their family. They work temporarily for four to six months during the season and remain almost jobless for the rest of the time. An approximate 2, 00,000 people depend on Jatra. The exploitation of the performers, who make the heart of a large number of artists, is almost beyond salvation. No social recognition, a darker life, harassment both sexually and mentally and of course, financially. The situation began in the early 80s when Jatra dance, an inseparable part of the show, virtually turned into striptease. Jatra, which represented the cultural heritage of Bengal, turned into a cheap form of sexual entertainment. It also became the focal point of fundamentalists who in turn bombarded during one of the shows. The main attraction of Jatra, a vigorous form of art, is its orchestra and the acting. Music and dance is the very essence of Jatra, but it has gone through marked changes. Nowadays, dance is the main charm of Jatra. In a sense, success of Jatra depends on it. A single show is a five to six hours’ experience at night but dance only takes about three hours (some time more) off it. A dancer or a general artist gets only 30 to 100 $ per month, whereas the hero or the heroine gets 600 $ to 1,000 $ per month. They are used for the satisfaction of the audience while leading an inhuman life. Sometime they face mental, sexual and financial harassment by the surrounding people. But for the male artists, the love and passion plays a major role for joining the form of art apart from basic needs. The women, who are hounded by lecherous men, try to find a partner as soon as she settles with a band. The salvation comes from a marriage with a co-worker and even if it is needed, a conversion of religion is welcome for relief. The Jatra dance, which was once simply a dance, transformed into striptease in the early 80s, luring young and wild people to the stages instead of the veterans who once graced the shows for the quality of acting and compelling stories. The whole scene is that the art of Bengal is now in its crunch time. It’s time people should think about saving it from the ashes at any cost.



Even an afternoon’s break is occupied by homework’s for the show. A hero and the director, Habib Sarwar, checks out the script. He is one among a few graduates and gets a handsome salary of $700/month. Every on Friday, he takes a full-day session of meditation and meets no one. He believes it increases his power and skill. Group: Ananda Opera.
Location: Kansat, Chapai Nawabganj, Bangladesh, September 29, 2002.



Improvisation is the key to success. The scarcities of dress materials have made the dancers use any piece of cloth to design new dresses. In this regard, the co-dancers work hand in hand. Here Anjana is helping Hridoy with two long scarves while lead-dancer Shima gives her valuable opinion. Group: Sabuj Opera.
Location: Gajipur, Dhaka, Bangladesh, February 09, 2002.



Behind the scene, Kavita sings for the dancing princess who is on the stage. She had to learn to sing besides dancing, an additional quality that has made her the top rated princess of the group. Behind Kavita’s silhouette is a goddess on small print. Whatever the performers do for living, they never lose faith in religion. A senior artist is also giving the finishing touch to his make up for the show. Group: New Jayanti Opera.
Location: Mohammadpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh,  February 02, 2002.



Once, dance was only a part of Jatra. Now it is indeed a striptease show and there is more money in it than the salary. Here people are inviting Princess Banya with money as she begins to strip. In early day The time allotted for dancing used to be maximum one hour in a six-hour show but nowadays, three-four hours is occupied by dancing. The rest is acting in disguise. Group: Sabuj Opera,
Location: Nurullapur, Dohar, Dhaka, Bangladesh, March 01, 2002.



It’s all mine! The most favorite way of spectators to give tips to the performer, so that they can feel what the dancer is made of. Group: Sabuj Opera, Gajipur.
Location: Dhaka, Bangladesh, February 09, 2002.



Having a discussion at the green room while sharing a smoke during the break. The actor is instructing the ‘beshkar’ (costume keeper) to prepare the dress which he will be wearing for the next scene. Group: Sabuj Opera, Gajipur.
Location: Dhaka, Bangladesh, February 09, 2002.



A cup of tea for the ignored husband. Head-dancer Kavita finds time during a break in the show to treat her husband who can wait long hours for such niceties. She now earns about $100/month in addition the husband’s $30. The family, inclusive of one child, has to be run with this tiny amount. Kavita says that she has no problem displaying her body as her husband guards her from trading with ‘it’. Group: New Jayanti Opera.
Location: Mohammadpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh, February 10, 2002.



The husband has married again. He only visits for a night’s fun. The four-year-old boy Shapath (Promise) can take care of himself. But the one-year-old girl Barsha (Rain) needs the warmth of her mother. Whenever Beauty, the dancer, gets time, she runs to her child. After a weak of taking this photographs, Barsha was attack by pneumonia and at last died. Group: Ananda Opera.
Location: Kansat, Chapai Nawabganj, Bangladesh, September 29, 2002.



Portrait of an actor who is the king on a stage. But what his eyes are searching for? He knows life is tough and there is no such kingdom which can ease his pain. Group: New Jayanti Opera.
Location: Mohammadpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh, February 02, 2002.



Scene from a show, Dosyu Rani Phulan Devi (The favourite Bandit Queen of India). The main attraction of Jatra is the colorful dresses and the loud over-acting, which is very popular from the beginning. Group: Sabuj Opera.
Location: Gajipur, Dhaka, Bangladesh, February 09, 2002.



After a wild night on stage, normalcy returns to life. Shilpi, a Hindu artiste who converted to Islam to marry her co-worker, Salim Reza, three years ago, tries to find salvation in religion as she has been spared from the torturous whole night shows. It is only because of her promotion to a second-rate heroine. Group: Ananda Opera.
Location: Ananda Opera, Kansat, Chapai Nawabganj, Bangladesh, September 30, 2002.



A Jatra band provides food for its staff only twice a day, which is below standard. Those who do not earn enough, have to live on that. But the heroines can cook their own food and escape the ‘suffering’. They can also provide some extra food for the needy. Group: Ananda Opera.
Location: Kansat, Chapai Nawabganj,  Bangladesh, September 29, 2002.



A light rehearsal after a lunch break. Usually, each party starts rehearsing a month or two before the season. They gather at a place called ‘rehearsal house’ where they do their homework for the coming season round the clock. Then before the first show of any opera, it’s time for the final tuning under the keen eyes of the director. Group: Ananda Opera.
Location: Ananda Opera, Kansat, Chapai Nawabganj, Bangladesh, September 29, 2002.



Princess Shoma appears for her show. She is all charged up. Her story is of a typical lower class girl who dreamt big. Born to a carpenter father in the border town of Patgram in Rangpur district, Shoma fled home ten years ago with a dream to be a movie star. After a brief stay in Manikganj with a distant cousin, she managed to get into the movie world with help of a fall guy, but only as an extra. She managed to take part in few dance scenes, far behind the lead actress, but the stay was cut short due to the inviting hands of men who wanted her in bed. This time, she found herself as a full time dancer and as a ‘princess’ her earning per night is about 1,000-1,200. But it is only in the season. She has managed to steady her five-year marriage with a video cassette trader and has a three-year-old son to look after. She also went for a dance-job in Dubai but had to come back home soon to save herself from the greedy men. “It really hurts to think that I have to live on this job. But all my sorrows are wiped out when I get the applaud from the audience,” Shoma said. Group: Sabuj Opera,
Location: Nurullapur, Dohar, Dhaka, Bangladesh, March 02, 2002.



The countdown begins as the life in the fast lane is over. Once a master of a famous Jatra band, Mohammad Ali is now out of action, caused by a brain hemorrhage that paralyzed him. The ownership of the band gone and no one to take care of the costume renting business also. The old man whose life and passion was Jatra, did not get any help from his co-workers. Her wife, actress Sabita, tried hard to continue the expensive treatment with her small earning in vain. Mohammad Ali died about a month after this photograph had been taken. The death of the husband forced Sabita to introduce her school student daughter Sonia to the stage. The young offspring is now a novice princess. The younger girl Selina does not have any idea about the future. The three women are leading an uncertain life in midst of poverty. Location: Gajipur, Dhaka, Bangladesh, August 25, 2002.



The dejected mother holds a photograph of her daughter, Princess Banya. Too feed their jobless parents, Banya (17) and her elder sister Hridoy (19) had to leave home and work at a Jatra band six years ago. Every year, they have to stay out of home for at least six months. The mother has nothing but to mourn their absence. Sometimes, a picture can bring comfort. Location: Batiaghata, Khulna, Bangladesh, August 17, 2002.



An organizer and director of a Jatra band, Gazi Mannan, prefer to be idle during the off-season despite he has a small grocery shop. But his wife, Sahida, an actress, is a very active worker and takes tailoring orders at home. The total income helps the family of four. Location: Siddirgonj, NarayonGonj, Dhaka, Bangladesh, May 29, 2002.



In a rehearsal Beauty and her co-artists practice Dance. And they try to make fun that they will try to do it in the show and be enjoyable for the audience.  Her co- artist is also act as comedian. Group: Maushumi Opera.
Location: Krishok gonj Bazar,pabna,  Bangladesh, September 04, 2003



Its one-hour to midnight but the night is still young for the Jatra audience who take their seats around the heavily lit stage. To have a vintage seat near the stage, they have to pay more prices for the tickets. About 2,500 spectators grace each show, giving the lesser around an income of 1,200-2,000 $ per night. Very little of this amount goes to the artists. Group: New Jagoroni Opera.
Location: Golakanda, Rupgongj, Bangladesh, February 02, 2003.



For tired and exhausted Hridoy and Banya, the sleep in the morning is invaluable after a sleepless night’s hard work. All they get is a common quilt under an unsafe bamboo roof in the chilly winter. Group: Sabuj Opera
Location: Gajipur, Dhaka, Bangladesh, February 09, 2002.